Filtrating galleries or qanats in México: introduction and typology of techniques
Abstract
The qanat or filtration gallery is a millenary technique, originated
in the Near East, to convey underground waters to the surface by
means of gravity. It is characterized by using mining techniques to
raise occult waters in alluvial fans. It is a traditional technology,
in the sense that the knowledge for its construction resides in local
populations; and that its introduction to México was during the
early colonial years, or even a prehispanic origin has been
proposed. In this paper, the evidence of qanat construction dates
in México are discussed, based on the existing cases of qanats and
their relationship with mining techniques, as well as the evidence
of construction by the local population with traditional knowledge,
or by engineers. The technological diversity of qanats, in México
and worldwide, is also reviewed.
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