Análisis económico y valoración de principios de agricultura regenerativa en sistemas de producción de maíz: casos del Bajío, de Guanajuato.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22231/asyd.v23i3.1784Keywords:
agricultura regenerativa, costos de producción, labranza de conservación, maíz, rentbilidadAbstract
Conventional production systems contribute to soil degradation, biodiversity loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and declining productivity. In contrast, well-managed agricultural land can have a positive environmental impact. Regenerative agriculture (RA) emerges as an alternative that aims to transform food production while restoring ecosystems. However, farmers often hesitate to adopt RA practices due to a lack of empirical evidence regarding their benefits and profitability. This study aims to compare the profitability of maize production across different systems, assess the extent to which management practices align with RA principles, and identify factors that facilitate the transition toward a regenerative approach. Data were collected and analyzed on maize production under three systems: Conventional, RA-oriented, and Conservation Tillage. The analysis included mechanical operations, costs, yields, profits, and the assessment of four RA principles. Findings show that RA-oriented units have the lowest production costs while maintaining yields comparable to other systems. They use minimal machinery and implement practices that partially align with RA principles. Factors such as lower investment requirements, competitive productivity, environmental benefits, and access to reliable information may support the shift from conventional agriculture to a regenerative model.
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