Food consumption and nutritional situation in two indigenous communities of southeastern Veracruz in México.
Abstract
The objective of this research was to estimate and analyze energy and
nutrients intake and the nutritional condition of the population in
Ixhuapan and Ocozotepec, two indigenous communities of Sierra de
Santa Marta, Veracruz in México, and to identify differences between
men and women. Dietary information was obtained through a 24-hour
recall and the nutritional condition through anthropometric measures
using the Body Mass Index (BMI). The sample included 95 families,
(41 from to Ixhuapan and 54 from Ocozotepec). To obtain the diet's
energy contents and calculate adequacy percentages, Mexican food
composition tables were used. Food consumption patterns in the two
communities are different. Ocozotepec consumes significantly higher
amounts of energy, carbon hydrates, proteins, fat, cholesterol, fiber,
vitamins B1, B2, B12, iron and calcium. There are significant differences
by sex in both communities as regards to consumption of fiber, iron,
calcium and thiamine (this latter only in Ocozotepec) with higher
consumptions by men. Ocozotepec also has higher IMC normality
levels in both men and women. In both communities, women tend to have
higher overweight percentages.
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